Mexican Red-Knee Tarantula

Overview

The Mexican Red Knee Tarantula (Brachypelma hamorii) is one of the most iconic and popular species in the tarantula pet trade, prized for its striking appearance and relatively docile temperament. Native to the dry, semi-arid regions of Mexico, this species is often regarded as a beginner-friendly tarantula due to its manageable size, slow growth rate, and generally calm nature. Their vibrant red-orange leg markings and calm demeanor make them a favorite among tarantula enthusiasts, and their hardiness in captivity adds to their appeal.

Physical Characteristics

• Size: Adult Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas typically reach a leg span of 6-7 inches (15-18 cm). Males are usually smaller than females and live for a shorter period, around 5-7 years, while females can live up to 20-25 years, making them a long-term commitment.
• Lifespan: As mentioned, females can live much longer than males, with a lifespan of up to 25 years. Males typically live between 5-7 years.
• Appearance: The Mexican Red Knee Tarantula is renowned for its striking color contrast. Its body is dark brown to black, with bright orange or red patches on the knees and along the legs. This beautiful coloration makes it one of the most visually appealing tarantulas in the hobby. Their relatively slow movements and large size add to their majestic and impressive appearance.
• Distinctive Features: The characteristic red or orange markings on the joints of their legs are the defining feature of this species. The Mexican Red Knee Tarantula is also known for its calm demeanor and tendency to remain still or hide for long periods, making it a less “flighty” species compared to some other tarantulas.

Housing

• Enclosure: Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas are terrestrial and require an appropriately sized enclosure to accommodate their size. A 10-20 gallon tank is ideal for an adult, with a secure lid to prevent escape. The enclosure should have plenty of horizontal space for the tarantula to move around. Be sure to provide ample hiding spots such as logs or caves, as they are reclusive and need secure areas to retreat to when they feel threatened.
• Substrate: A 2-4 inch layer of substrate is recommended, with materials such as coconut fiber, peat moss, or potting soil. These substrates help maintain humidity and allow for burrowing. While they are terrestrial, they may also utilize vertical spaces to climb, so adding some branches or flat rocks can provide enrichment.
• Humidity and Temperature: Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas come from arid regions, so they thrive in relatively dry conditions. The ideal temperature range is 75-85°F (24-29°C), with a slight drop at night. Humidity should be kept around 60-70%. They do not require high humidity, and excessive moisture can cause mold or fungal growth in the enclosure.
• Water Source: Provide a shallow water dish large enough for the tarantula to drink from but not to soak in. Be sure to change the water regularly to keep it clean.

Feeding

• Diet: Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas are carnivorous and primarily feed on live insects. They will eat crickets, mealworms, cockroaches, and other small invertebrates. Adult tarantulas are typically fed once a week, while juveniles may need feeding every 2-3 days.
• Feeding Method: These tarantulas are opportunistic hunters, and feeding should be done by placing the food in the enclosure and allowing the tarantula to hunt it down. Avoid feeding prey that is too large for the tarantula to subdue, as it could lead to injury or stress. Additionally, remove any uneaten prey to prevent it from becoming a source of bacteria.
• Supplements: It is not generally necessary to supplement the diet of a Mexican Red Knee Tarantula, as long as they are being fed a varied diet of appropriately sized insects. However, providing gut-loaded prey (insects fed a nutritious diet before feeding them to the tarantula) can help ensure the spider receives the proper nutrients.

Handling and Temperament

• Handling: The Mexican Red Knee Tarantula is known for its docile and calm nature, which makes it a good choice for handling compared to other more aggressive or defensive tarantulas. However, it is still important to handle it gently and infrequently, as handling can cause stress. Always handle your tarantula with care, supporting its body with both hands, and avoid dropping it.
• Temperament: In general, Brachypelma hamorii is a very calm and non-aggressive species. While they may show a defensive posture (raising their front legs and displaying their fangs), they are less likely to bite than more skittish tarantula species. When threatened, they may flick urticating hairs, which can cause irritation to the skin and eyes of humans, so it’s important to avoid provoking the tarantula.
• Behavior: Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas are generally not very active. They spend most of their time in hiding, waiting for food to approach. While some tarantulas may burrow, Brachypelma hamorii may create a small retreat in the substrate or simply hide under objects in the enclosure. As they age, they may become even more sedentary.

Molting and Health

• Molting: Like all tarantulas, Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas will molt as they grow. This process involves shedding their old exoskeleton to allow for growth of a new one. During this time, the tarantula is vulnerable, and it is important not to disturb it. Do not attempt to feed the tarantula during this period, as they may not eat. Once they’ve completed the molt, the tarantula will be soft and should be allowed to rest until its exoskeleton hardens.
• Health: Mexican Red Knee Tarantulas are generally hardy and easy to care for, but they can be susceptible to skin issues if the enclosure’s humidity is too high. It's important to monitor the tarantula for any signs of illness, such as lethargy, lack of appetite, or unusual behavior. A clean, well-maintained enclosure and appropriate environmental conditions will help ensure the spider remains healthy.

Conclusion

The Mexican Red Knee Tarantula (Brachypelma hamorii) is an excellent choice for both novice and experienced tarantula keepers. With its striking appearance, docile temperament, and relatively simple care requirements, it’s easy to see why this species is so beloved in the pet hobby. Providing them with the right environment, a varied diet, and minimal handling will ensure they thrive and live a long, healthy life in captivity. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced tarantula enthusiast, the Mexican Red Knee is sure to be a captivating and rewarding addition to your collection.