Klug's Pill Millipede

Klug's Pill Millipede (Armadillidium klugii)

Overview

Armadillidium klugii, commonly referred to as Klug's Pill Millipede, is a popular species of pill millipede in the pet trade due to its striking appearance, unique defensive behavior, and relatively easy care requirements. Native to parts of Europe, this species is known for its ability to roll into a ball as a defense mechanism, making it a favorite among invertebrate enthusiasts. The Klug’s Pill Millipede is particularly sought after for its beautiful coloration, which includes shades of purple, blue, and black, making it an eye-catching addition to any exotic pet collection.

Physical Characteristics

• Size: Klug's Pill Millipedes are moderately sized, typically reaching lengths of 2-3 inches (5-7 cm) when fully grown.
• Lifespan: With proper care, they can live for up to 3-4 years in captivity, though some may live longer.
• Appearance: These millipedes have a segmented, cylindrical body with a smooth, shiny exoskeleton. Their color is primarily a mix of dark blues, purples, and blacks, often with subtle iridescent highlights that make them particularly stunning when observed under light. They also have well-defined segments that provide an elegant, armored look.
• Distinctive Feature: Like other pill millipedes, they possess the ability to curl up into a tight ball when threatened, providing them with excellent protection against predators.

Housing

• Enclosure: A small to medium-sized enclosure, such as a 10-gallon tank or a plastic container, is suitable for a small group of Klug's Pill Millipedes. Ensure that the enclosure has a secure lid to prevent escape, as they are adept at climbing smooth surfaces.
• Substrate: Provide a deep layer of moist substrate, such as coconut coir, peat moss, or a mix of soil and organic matter. The substrate should be at least 3-4 inches deep to allow the millipedes to burrow, which is a natural behavior for them. Keep the substrate moist but not waterlogged.
• Temperature and Humidity: Maintain a temperature range of 70-80°F (21-27°C) and humidity levels between 60-80%. Regular misting or providing a shallow water dish will help keep the humidity at the right levels. However, be cautious not to over-wet the enclosure, as excess moisture can lead to mold growth.
• Hides and Enrichment: Include plenty of hiding spots, such as pieces of bark, logs, or leaf litter, to mimic their natural environment. These will provide shelter and offer a place to retreat during the day, as Klug’s Pill Millipedes are more active at night.

Feeding

• Diet: Klug's Pill Millipedes are detritivores, meaning they feed primarily on decaying organic matter. They thrive on a diet of leaf litter, decaying wood, and various fruits and vegetables. They will also appreciate occasional protein in the form of dry fish flakes or a small amount of eggshell powder.
• Feeding Frequency: Feed them small amounts of food every few days. Remove any uneaten food after a few days to prevent mold growth and maintain a clean habitat.
• Water: Always provide a shallow water dish in the enclosure. They obtain much of their hydration from the food they consume, but a constant water source is essential for overall health.

Lighting

• Lighting: Klug’s Pill Millipedes do not require special lighting. A regular day-night cycle of about 12 hours of light and 12 hours of darkness is sufficient. Avoid direct sunlight, as it can overheat the enclosure and dry out the environment.
• UVB Lighting: These millipedes do not require UVB lighting, as they are nocturnal and thrive in low-light conditions. However, providing natural light in the room or ambient lighting is enough for their needs.

Handling and Temperament

• Handling: Klug's Pill Millipedes are generally calm and non-aggressive, making them easy to handle. They may roll into a ball when disturbed, a natural defensive behavior, but they do not bite or pose a threat to humans. When handling, be gentle and avoid squeezing them. It’s best to hold them in a palm or cupped hand, allowing them to crawl naturally.
• Temperament: These millipedes are relatively shy and prefer to stay hidden during the day. They are nocturnal creatures and are most active at night, foraging for food and exploring their environment. They are very gentle and do not display aggressive behavior.

Health and Veterinary Care

• Common Issues: Klug's Pill Millipedes are hardy in captivity but can suffer from issues such as dehydration or mold growth in the enclosure if humidity and temperature levels are not maintained properly. Always ensure that their habitat remains moist but not overly wet.
• Molting: Like all millipedes, Klug’s Pill Millipedes molt as they grow. During this time, they are more vulnerable and should not be disturbed. If you notice your millipede laying on its back for an extended period, it could be in the process of molting.
• Veterinary Care: While they are low-maintenance pets, if you notice any unusual behaviors such as lethargy, skin abnormalities, or poor feeding, it may be time to consult a veterinarian experienced in invertebrates for advice.

Conclusion

Armadillidium klugii, or Klug's Pill Millipede, is a fascinating and visually stunning addition to any exotic pet collection. Their striking coloration, calm temperament, and intriguing defensive behaviors make them a favorite among invertebrate enthusiasts. With proper care, they can thrive in captivity for several years, providing their owners with a unique and rewarding pet experience. Whether you're new to keeping millipedes or a seasoned collector, the Regal Pill Millipede is sure to captivate you with its beauty and charm.