Green Iguanas

Green Iguana (Iguana iguana)

Overview

Green Iguanas are one of the most well-known and commonly kept pet lizards. Native to Central and South America, these iguanas are recognized for their impressive size, striking appearance, and unique behaviors. While they can be challenging to care for due to their size and specific needs, Green Iguanas can make rewarding pets for dedicated and experienced reptile enthusiasts.

Physical Characteristics

• Size: Adult Green Iguanas can reach 5-7 feet in length, including their tail.
• Lifespan: With proper care, they can live for 10-20 years.
• Appearance: Green Iguanas are typically bright green but can vary in color, ranging from blue-green to brownish. They have a row of spines running down their back to their tail, a dewlap (skin flap) under their chin, and long, powerful tails.

Housing

• Enclosure: Due to their large size, Green Iguanas require a very spacious enclosure. An adult iguana needs a habitat that is at least 8 feet long, 4 feet wide, and 6 feet tall. Vertical space is crucial as they are arboreal and love to climb.
• Substrate: Use substrates like reptile carpet, newspaper, or tile. Avoid loose substrates like sand or wood shavings, which can cause impaction if ingested.
• Hides and Enrichment: Provide plenty of climbing structures, branches, and shelves. Include large, sturdy branches, shelves, and basking platforms. Iguanas also enjoy hiding spots and areas where they can feel secure.

Temperature and Humidity

• Temperature: Maintain a temperature gradient with a basking spot of 95-100°F and an ambient temperature of 80-85°F during the day. Night temperatures can drop to 75-80°F.
• Heating: Use basking lamps and ceramic heat emitters to achieve the desired temperature gradient. Ensure the basking area is large enough for the iguana's entire body to be heated.
• Humidity: Keep humidity levels between 60-70%. Provide a large water dish for soaking and mist the enclosure daily to maintain proper humidity.

Lighting

• UVB Lighting: Green Iguanas require UVB lighting to synthesize vitamin D3 and absorb calcium. Provide UVB lighting for 10-12 hours a day.
• Light Cycle: Maintain a regular 12-hour light/dark cycle to simulate natural conditions.
• Lighting Options: Use fluorescent UVB bulbs or mercury vapor bulbs to provide both heat and UVB light.

Feeding

• Diet: Green Iguanas are strictly herbivorous and require a diet rich in leafy greens, vegetables, and fruits.
• Leafy Greens: Offer a variety of leafy greens such as collard greens, mustard greens, dandelion greens, and turnip greens daily.
• Vegetables: Include a variety of vegetables such as squash, bell peppers, and green beans.
• Fruits: Offer fruits like mango, papaya, and berries in moderation due to their sugar content.
• Supplements: Dust their food with calcium and vitamin supplements to ensure they receive all necessary nutrients.

Handling and Temperament

• Handling: Green Iguanas can be tamed with regular, gentle handling, but they can also be territorial and aggressive, especially during breeding season. Handle them calmly and support their body fully. It's essential to gain their trust slowly.
• Behavior: They are diurnal and primarily arboreal, spending much of their time basking and climbing. Iguanas can recognize their keepers and may become social with regular interaction.

Health and Veterinary Care

• Common Issues: Monitor for metabolic bone disease, respiratory infections, and parasites. Ensure proper UVB lighting, humidity, and a balanced diet to prevent health issues.
• Veterinary Care: Regular check-ups with a reptile veterinarian are essential to monitor their health and address any issues promptly.

Conclusion

Green Iguanas are a striking and impressive species that can make fascinating pets for experienced reptile keepers. Their vibrant appearance, engaging behaviors, and potential for social interaction make them a captivating addition to any reptile collection. With the right environment and care, Green Iguanas can thrive and provide years of enjoyment to their keepers.